Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Engineering HER2-targeted biparatopic antibodies to promote receptor internalization and restore antitumor efficacy

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1711433

Figure Lengend Snippet: A9B5-Bs-5 and A9B5-Bs-7 inhibit the growth of trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive cancer cells. (A, B) Growth inhibition in NCI-N87 (A) and BT474 cells (B) treated with bpAbs in the absence of ligands, measured by CCK-8 assay. (C, D) Growth inhibition in NCI-N87 (C) and BT474 cells (D) treated with bpAbs in the presence of EGF or HRG, measured by CCK-8 assay. Serum-starved cells were incubated with anti-HER2 diluted antibodies in the presence of 1 nM HRG or 5 nM EGF. Horizontal dotted line (black) represents viability of non-treated cells referenced to 100%. Data represent mean ± SD (n = 3). (E) Heat map of EC 50 values (nM) derived from CCK-8 assays showing dose-dependent inhibition by bpAbs. Source data are available in the Source Data file.

Article Snippet: For ligand-dependent assays, tumor cells were stimulated with either 1 nM HRG (SinoBiological, 11609-HNCH) or 5 nM EGF (SinoBiological, GMP-10605-HNAE).

Techniques: Inhibition, CCK-8 Assay, Incubation, Derivative Assay

Journal: Plant Physiology

Article Title: Primed to persevere: Hypoxia regulation from epigenome to protein accumulation in plants

doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiae584

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of ERFVII regulators, including the specific ERFVIIs they act upon and the functional relationship.

Article Snippet: Submergence also invokes preferential translation of HRG mRNAs in seedlings of Arabidopsis ( ) and of conserved submergence-upregulated mRNAs, including HRGs in root tips of rice, tomato, and medicago ( ).

Techniques: Functional Assay, Phospho-proteomics, In Vitro, Binding Assay, Activity Assay

Journal: Plant Physiology

Article Title: Primed to persevere: Hypoxia regulation from epigenome to protein accumulation in plants

doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiae584

Figure Lengend Snippet: Defined and hypothetical mechanisms of chromatin remodeling under hypoxia. A) In submergence-tolerant rice containing the active SUB1A-1 allele, hypoxia-triggered phosphorylation of SUB1A-1 by MPK3/6 promotes physical interaction with the ADA2b/GCN5 HAT complex. This facilitates the deposition of activating H3K9Ac (Ac) marks on SUB1A-1 target genes ERF66 and ERF67 , potentiating their expression under submergence. B) Stable Arabidopsis ERFVIIs bind to the Hypoxia Response Promoter Element and can interact with the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeler BRAHMA, reinforcing their ABA-responsive functions. BRAHMA is known to promote H2A.Z eviction, shown to occur at HRGs under O 2 deprivation. BRAHMA interacts and colocalizes with the histone demethylase (KDM) REF6 at many loci across the genome. It is speculated that this could provide a hypoxia-responsive mechanism for histone demethylation at HRGs to further induce an active chromatin state. C) The PRC2 subunit VRN2 is stabilized under hypoxia and positively regulates hypoxia resilience, suggesting that it could steer H3K27me3 (Me) deposition under stress. An interactor of VRN2, VIN3, is transcriptionally induced by low O 2 and enhances hypoxia tolerance. VIN3 may act in conjunction with VRN2 to promote a long-term repressive state at target genes. In animals, several KDMs have been defined as direct O 2 sensors that are inhibited under hypoxia; plant KDMs may also function in a similar manner and that their hypoxia-triggered inhibition could promote retention of repressive H3K27me3 marks across the genome. Question marks and dashed lines denote hypothetical mechanisms that still require experimental validation. Arrows demonstrate positive effects, and circles inhibitory effects.

Article Snippet: Submergence also invokes preferential translation of HRG mRNAs in seedlings of Arabidopsis ( ) and of conserved submergence-upregulated mRNAs, including HRGs in root tips of rice, tomato, and medicago ( ).

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Expressing, Inhibition, Biomarker Discovery